External Rotation

A beginner isolation strength exercise that works the shoulders, using dumbbells.

External Rotation — Starting position Starting position
External Rotation — End position End position
Difficulty Beginner
Type Strength
Equipment Dumbbells
Primary Muscle Shoulders
AI Rep Counting Log manually

How to Do External Rotation

  1. Lie sideways on a flat bench with one arm holding a dumbbell and the other hand on top of the bench folded so that you can rest your head on it.
  2. Bend the elbows of the arm holding the dumbbell so that it creates a 90-degree angle between the upper arm and the forearm. Tip: Keep the arm parallel to your torso.
  3. Now bend the elbow while keeping the upper arm stationary. In this manner, the forearm will be parallel to the floor and perpendicular to your torso (Tip: So the forearm will be directly in front of you). The upper arm will be stationary by your torso and should be parallel to the floor (aligned with your torso at all times). This will be your starting position.
  4. As you breathe out, externally rotate your forearm so that the dumbbell is lifted up in a semicircle motion as you maintain the 90 degree angle bend between the upper arms and the forearm. You will continue this external rotation until the forearm is perpendicular to the floor and the torso pointing towards the ceiling. At this point you will hold the contraction for a second.
  5. As you breathe in, slowly go back to the starting position.
  6. Repeat for the recommended amount of repetitions and then switch to the other arm.

Muscles Worked

Front
Back

Primary

Where External Rotation does most of its work.

Alternatives to External Rotation

10 movements that train the same primary muscle, closest substitutes first — same kind of training, then variations of the movement itself, then a similar difficulty.

  1. 1 External Rotation with Band

    External Rotation with Band

    A beginner compound strength exercise that works the shoulders, using a resistance band.

    beginner Resistance Bands
  2. 2 External Rotation with Cable

    External Rotation with Cable

    A beginner isolation strength exercise that works the shoulders, using a cable machine.

    beginner Cable Machine
  3. 3 Cable Internal Rotation

    Cable Internal Rotation

    A beginner compound strength exercise that works the shoulders, using a cable machine.

    beginner Cable Machine
  4. 4 Internal Rotation with Band

    Internal Rotation with Band

    A beginner isolation strength exercise that works the shoulders, using a resistance band.

    beginner Resistance Bands
  5. 5 Reverse Flyes With External Rotation

    Reverse Flyes With External Rotation

    An intermediate isolation strength exercise that works the shoulders, using dumbbells.

    intermediate Dumbbells
  6. 6 Push-Ups

    Push-Ups

    The push-up is a fundamental bodyweight exercise that targets the chest, triceps, and shoulders while engaging the core. It's one of the most effective exercises for building upper body strength without equipment.

    beginner No Equipment AI tracked
  7. 7 Alternating Cable Shoulder Press

    Alternating Cable Shoulder Press

    A beginner compound strength exercise that works the shoulders, using a cable machine.

    beginner Cable Machine
  8. 8 Anti-Gravity Press

    Anti-Gravity Press

    A beginner compound strength exercise that works the shoulders, using a barbell.

    beginner Barbell
  9. 9 Back Flyes - With Bands

    Back Flyes - With Bands

    A beginner compound strength exercise that works the shoulders, using a resistance band.

    beginner Resistance Bands
  10. 10 Band Pull Apart

    Band Pull Apart

    A beginner isolation strength exercise that works the shoulders, using a resistance band.

    beginner Resistance Bands

Frequently Asked Questions

What muscles do external rotation work?

External Rotation primarily works the shoulders.

What equipment do I need for external rotation?

External Rotation uses dumbbells.

External Rotation: is it suitable for beginners?

Yes. External Rotation is rated beginner. Movements you can learn in a session, with a low skill floor and a forgiving failure mode.

What can I do instead of external rotation?

External Rotation with Band, External Rotation with Cable, Cable Internal Rotation train the same primary muscles and are listed with 7 more alternatives above.

Can Fitnit count my external rotation reps automatically?

Not automatically yet. Fitnit's AI rep counting covers push-ups, squats, dumbbell curls, crunches and pull-ups today; external rotation can be logged manually in the app, and tracked movements are added over time.

Photographs and step-by-step instructions from free-exercise-db, a public-domain exercise dataset. Muscle mapping and alternatives by Fitnit.

Track Your External Rotation with AI

Fitnit automatically tracks push-ups, crunches, squats, pull-ups, and curls with advanced body tracking technology — and you can manually input any other workout too. Start free — Pro is $8.99/month.