Pull-Ups

Pull-ups are the gold standard upper body pulling exercise, building a wide, strong back and powerful arms. They're one of the best indicators of relative body strength.

Pull-Ups — Starting position Starting position
Pull-Ups — End position End position
Difficulty Intermediate
Type Strength
Equipment No Equipment
Primary Muscle Biceps
Calories/Min ~8
AI Rep Counting Tracked by Fitnit

How to Do Pull-Ups

  1. Hang from a bar with an overhand grip slightly wider than shoulder width
  2. Engage your lats and pull your chest up toward the bar
  3. Lead with your chest, not your chin
  4. Pull until your chin clears the bar
  5. Lower yourself slowly to a full dead hang

Form Tips

  • Start from a dead hang with shoulders engaged
  • Think about pulling your elbows down to your pockets
  • Keep your core tight to prevent swinging
  • Don't use kipping or momentum for strict pull-ups
  • Full range of motion: dead hang to chin over bar

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Using momentum and kipping without intent
  • Not going through full range of motion
  • Craning the neck to get chin over bar
  • Letting shoulders shrug up at the bottom
  • Grip too wide or too narrow

Muscles Worked

Front
Back

Primary

Where Pull-Ups does most of its work.

Secondary

Assisting and stabilising muscles.

Benefits of Pull-Ups

  • Best bodyweight exercise for back development
  • Builds impressive pulling strength
  • Strengthens grip and forearms
  • Improves posture by strengthening upper back
  • Compound movement working multiple muscle groups

Variations

Chin-Ups

intermediate

Underhand grip emphasizing biceps more

Negative Pull-Ups

beginner

Jump up, slow controlled descent

Band-Assisted Pull-Ups

beginner

Resistance band for assistance

Wide-Grip Pull-Ups

advanced

Wider grip for more lat emphasis

Muscle-Ups

advanced

Pull-up transitioning into a dip at the top

Weighted Pull-Ups

advanced

Added weight via belt or vest

Alternatives to Pull-Ups

10 movements that train the same primary muscle, closest substitutes first — same kind of training, then variations of the movement itself, then a similar difficulty.

  1. 1 Drag Curl

    Drag Curl

    An intermediate compound strength exercise that works the biceps, using a barbell.

    intermediate Barbell
  2. 2 Reverse Barbell Preacher Curls

    Reverse Barbell Preacher Curls

    An intermediate isolation strength exercise that works the biceps, using an E-Z curl bar.

    intermediate E-Z Curl Bar
  3. 3 Standing Dumbbell Reverse Curl

    Standing Dumbbell Reverse Curl

    An intermediate isolation strength exercise that works the biceps, using dumbbells.

    intermediate Dumbbells
  4. 4 Zottman Curl

    Zottman Curl

    An intermediate isolation strength exercise that works the biceps, using dumbbells.

    intermediate Dumbbells
  5. 5 Zottman Preacher Curl

    Zottman Preacher Curl

    An intermediate isolation strength exercise that works the biceps, using dumbbells.

    intermediate Dumbbells
  6. 6 Dumbbell Curls

    Dumbbell Curls

    Dumbbell curls are the quintessential arm exercise for building bicep strength and size. The unilateral nature of dumbbells helps identify and correct muscle imbalances between arms.

    beginner Dumbbells AI tracked
  7. 7 Dumbbell Prone Incline Curl

    Dumbbell Prone Incline Curl

    An intermediate isolation strength exercise that works the biceps, using dumbbells.

    intermediate Dumbbells
  8. 8 High Cable Curls

    High Cable Curls

    An intermediate compound strength exercise that works the biceps, using a cable machine.

    intermediate Cable Machine
  9. 9 Lying Cable Curl

    Lying Cable Curl

    An intermediate isolation strength exercise that works the biceps, using a cable machine.

    intermediate Cable Machine
  10. 10 Lying High Bench Barbell Curl

    Lying High Bench Barbell Curl

    An intermediate isolation strength exercise that works the biceps, using a barbell.

    intermediate Barbell

Frequently Asked Questions

What muscles do pull-ups work?

Pull-Ups primarily works the biceps. The forearms and abs assist as secondary muscles.

What equipment do I need for pull-ups?

None. Pull-Ups is a bodyweight movement you can do anywhere you have floor space.

Pull-Ups: is it suitable for beginners?

Pull-Ups is rated intermediate. Movements that assume you already own the basic pattern and are ready to load it.

What can I do instead of pull-ups?

Drag Curl, Reverse Barbell Preacher Curls, Standing Dumbbell Reverse Curl train the same primary muscles and are listed with 7 more alternatives above.

Can Fitnit count my pull-ups reps automatically?

Yes. Pull-Ups is one of the movements Fitnit tracks with on-device pose detection — the phone camera counts reps and scores your form, with no wearable and no manual logging.

Written by the Fitnit team. Photographs from free-exercise-db (public domain).

Track Your Pull-Ups with AI

Fitnit uses proprietary body tracking technology to automatically count your pull-ups reps and analyze your form in real time. Get started free — Pro is just $8.99/month.